P0520 Code: Chevrolet Cruze (2016-2019) - Causes, Symptoms & Fixes

Official NHTSA data for Chevrolet Cruze (2016-2019):

• OWNER COMPLAINTS: No NHTSA complaints found for this make/model/year/issue combination.
• RECALLS: No recalls found in NHTSA database.

Note on data: The above data reflects the provided NHTSA records. There are no listed recalls or owner complaints for P0520 in this model year range in the supplied data. This does not guarantee the issue never occurs in the real world; it simply means there are no recorded entries in the data you provided. The guide below uses general automotive knowledge to explain P0520 and how it’s typically diagnosed on a 2016–2019 Chevrolet Cruze.

CODE MEANING AND SEVERITY

• Code: P0520
• Full name (common): Engine Oil Pressure Sensor/Switch Circuit Malfunction (or Engine Oil Pressure Sensor/Switch Circuit – Range/Performance depending on the scan tool).
• What it means: The PCM/ECU has detected a fault in the oil pressure sensor circuit. This can be caused by a faulty sensor or wiring, but it can also reflect actual low oil pressure due to oil pump issues, restrictions, or engine wear.
• Severity: Moderate to high. If the sensor is actually reporting abnormally low oil pressure, continuing operation risks engine damage. If the sensor/wiring is at fault, the engine may not receive proper oil pressure alerts or ECU adjustments. Treat as a real fault and diagnose promptly.

COMMON CAUSES ON CHEVROLET CRUZE (2016-2019)

• Faulty oil pressure sensor or oil pressure switch (sensor itself can be defective or its signal degraded).
• Damaged, corroded, or loosely connected wiring harness or connector to the sensor; poor ground.
• Short to ground or open circuit in the sensor circuit (including 5V reference line and ground).
• Actual low oil pressure due to oil pump wear, clogged/oil pickup tube, restricted oil passages, or excessive engine wear.
• Contaminated or degraded engine oil (wrong viscosity, too old, sludge buildup) causing incorrect readings or restricted flow.
• Incorrect oil specification (wrong viscosity for climate/engine) leading to higher pump load and pressure drop, especially in cold starts.
• PCM or calibration issue (rare; usually resolves with sensor/wiring repair or software update if applicable).

SYMPTOMS (P0520 on Cruze)

• Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) illuminated or stored as P0520.
• Oil pressure warning light may illuminate if the system detects low pressure.
• Erratic or nonsensical oil pressure readings on scan data, or no oil pressure data at all.
• In some cases, the engine may run poorly, lack of power, or feel rough due to ECU corrections if actual pressure is low.
• If the fault is sensor-only, you may not notice symptoms aside from the MIL; if actual low pressure, you may experience audible engine knocking or warning lights.

DIAGNOSTIC STEPS (step-by-step)

Important safety note: If you suspect actual low oil pressure, stop driving and diagnose carefully. Running an engine with low oil pressure can cause severe damage.

• Prepare

  • Tools: OBD-II scanner, multimeter or oscilloscope (optional), mechanical oil pressure gauge with appropriate adapter, basic hand tools, new oil pressure sensor, oil, and filter (for after-repair).
  • Vehicle: 2016-2019 Cruze (1.4L Turbo or other gasoline engines); steps are similar, but location of the sensor can vary slightly by engine.

• Step 1: Read codes and inspect data

  • Use an OBD-II scanner to confirm P0520. Note any related codes (P0521, P0522, etc.).
  • Check Freeze Frame data for engine rpm, oil temp, and engine load at the time of the fault.

• Step 2: Check oil level and condition

  • With the engine cool, check oil level. Add if low (do not overfill).
  • Inspect oil condition: milky or very dark oil can indicate cooling system issues or oil degradation; consider an oil change if overdue.
  • Verify you’re using the recommended viscosity and type (Dexos-qualified oil as per GM guidelines for Cruze).

• Step 3: Visually inspect the oil pressure sensor circuit

  • Locate the oil pressure sensor on the engine block or oil manifold. Inspect for oil leaks around the sensor.
  • Inspect the wiring harness and connector for damaged insulation, corrosion, loose terminals, or bent pins.
  • Disconnect and reconnect the sensor connector to ensure a solid electrical connection.
  • Check for chafed or pinched wires along the path to the PCM.

• Step 4: Measure actual oil pressure (to differentiate sensor vs. mechanical issue)

  • Start with a cold engine, then raise to normal operating temperature.
  • Attach a mechanical oil pressure gauge to the engine’s test port (if equipped and accessible) and measure the oil pressure at idle and at a higher RPM (e.g., 2,000–3,000 rpm).
  • Compare readings to the service manual specifications for your Cruze engine variant. Typical gasoline engines show a certain range at idle and a higher range at elevated RPMs; exact numbers vary by engine and model year.
  • If actual oil pressure is within spec, the fault is likely the sensor or its circuit. If pressure is below spec, investigate the oil pump, oil passages, pickup, and engine wear.

• Step 5: If sensor circuit appears faulty but oil pressure is normal

  • Replace the oil pressure sensor (and any damaged wiring or the connector).
  • Re-test pressure after replacement; clear codes and drive to confirm the issue is resolved.

• Step 6: If actual oil pressure is low

  • Inspect oil pump, pickup screen, and oil passages for restriction or failure.
  • Check for sludge buildup; if severe, engine flush or mechanical cleaning might be required (and oil change).
  • Inspect for excessive engine wear (bearing clearance, etc.). Excessive wear often requires more involved repairs or engine overhaul.
  • After any mechanical repair, recheck oil pressure with the gauge and clear codes.

• Step 7: After repair

  • Clear the P0520 code with the scanner.
  • Take a cautious test drive; monitor for reoccurrence of the fault and data in the OBD reader (oil pressure readings, sensor data).
  • If the MIL returns with P0520 again, re-evaluate wiring or consider PCM-related issues.

RELATED CODES

• P0521: Oil Pressure Sensor Range/Performance (sensor reading out of spec but not necessarily a permanent fault).
• P0522: Oil Pressure Sensor Range/Performance (Low) (readings lower than expected; often tied to sensor or circuit issues).
  Note: The Cruze may display these related codes if the sensor data is out of expected range or low; always verify with actual oil pressure measurement and inspect wiring.

REPAIR OPTIONS AND COSTS (2025 prices)

Prices are approximate and vary by region, shop, and exact engine variant (1.4L Turbo vs other). All figures are rough ranges in USD.

• Oil pressure sensor replacement (common first fix)

  • Parts: $15–$60
  • Labor: 0.5–1.0 hours
  • Total: ~$70–$180
  • Additional costs if you do an oil change at the same time: add $25–$60 for filter and oil

• Sensor circuit/wiring repair (if wiring or connector damaged)

  • Parts: minimal (connector or harness repair kit)
  • Labor: 0.5–1.5 hours
  • Total: ~$60–$250 depending on damage

• Oil change and filter (recommended if sensor was replaced or if oil was degraded)

  • Parts: oil and filter: $25–$60
  • Labor: often included with oil change service
  • Total: ~$50–$100

• Contained by actual low oil pressure (oil pump or internal engine issue)

  • Oil pump replacement (engine variant dependent)
    • Parts: $100–$300
    • Labor: 3–6 hours
    • Total: ~$500–$1,500
  • Related work (pickup screen, gaskets, seals): additional $100–$400
  • If sludge or restricted passages require cleaning: $200–$600 (labor variable)

• Severe engine wear or bearing damage

  • Rebuild or engine replacement: $2,000–$6,000+ depending on extent and region

• Notes

  • If other codes are present (e.g., P0521/P0522), addressing the root cause (sensor, wiring, or actual pressure) is essential before assuming a different fix.
  • Always consider a professional inspection if the oil pressure is suspected to be low; incorrect DIY attempts can cause damage.

DIY vs PROFESSIONAL

• DIY viability

  • Pros: Potentially lower cost; direct sensor replacement is often straightforward if you have basic tools.
  • Cons: Diagnosing actual oil pressure vs. sensor fault can be tricky; attempting an accurate oil pressure measurement requires the correct gauge adapters and procedure; labor may be required to access the sensor in cramped engine bays; risk of missing a real low-pressure issue.

• When to DIY

  • If you’re confident with basic automotive electrical work, can read OBD-II data, and can safely access the sensor, diagnosis and sensor replacement is reasonable.
  • If you’re unsure about measuring oil pressure with a mechanical gauge or if the engine has high mileage or unusual noises, seek a professional.

• Professional route

  • Pros: Accurate diagnosis; proper verification of actual oil pressure; correct reassembly and torque specs; warranty on repair.
  • Cons: Higher upfront cost; scheduling and shop availability.

• Quick DIY steps for sensor replacement (generic)

  • Disconnect battery negative terminal.
  • Locate oil pressure sensor (consult service manual for exact location on your Cruze engine).
  • Disconnect sensor electrical connector.
  • Remove sensor using appropriate wrench; install new sensor with proper torque (check service manual for torque specification).
  • Reconnect electrical connector; refill oil if necessary; top up oil to correct level.
  • Clear codes with OBD-II scanner; run engine and monitor for MIL reset and normal readings.
  • If the sensor replacement does not resolve P0520, proceed with diagnostic steps to check wiring or actual oil pressure.

PREVENTION

• Regular oil changes using the recommended viscosity and Dexos-approved oil for your Cruze.
• Use a high-quality oil filter; ensure the filter matches manufacturer specifications.
• Check oil level regularly and do not operate with low oil.
• Address any oil leaks promptly; leaks can drop oil pressure and contaminate sensors.
• Avoid prolonged idling and harsh driving that stresses the oil system; lower engine wear and maintain oil pressure.
• If you notice oil pressure warnings, don’t ignore them; diagnose promptly and avoid aggressive driving until resolved.
• For Cruze 2016–2019, verify you’re using the correct Dexos specification for the engine and climate region.

Data limitations and transparency

• The provided data indicates no owner complaints and no recalls for P0520 on the 2016–2019 Cruze in the NHTSA database excerpt you supplied. This guide emphasizes general diagnostic principles and typical Cruze-specific considerations. Actual field results may vary, and some cases may involve mechanical oil pressure problems rather than sensor issues. Always verify with real oil pressure measurement and mechanical inspection when possible.